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8266A-MCU Wireless-12/09
ATmega128RFA1
11 System Clock and Clock Options
This section describes the clock options for the AVR microcontroller.
11.1 Overview
Figure 11-1 below presents the principal clock systems in the AVR and their
distribution. All of the clocks need not be active at a given time. In order to reduce
power consumption, the clocks to modules not being used can be halted by using
different sleep modes, as described in chapter "Power Management and Sleep Modes"
on page 156. The clock systems are detailed below.
Figure 11-1. Clock Distribution
Asynchronous
Timer
General I/O
Modules
ADC CPU Core RAM
Flash and
EEPROM
Radio
Transceiver
AVR Clock
Control Unit
System Clock
Prescaler
Reset Logic Watchdog Timer
Timer/Counter
Oscillator
(32.768kHz)
Transceiver Crystal
Oscillator
(16MHz)
Calibrated RC
Oscillator (16MHz)
Watchdog Oscillator
(128kHz)
TOSC1
TOSC2
XTAL1
XTAL2
Clock
Multiplexer
1/16 Clock Prescaler
Clock
Multiplexer
Clock
Multiplexer
cp2core
cp2adc
cp2io
cp2ext
cp2ramregf
cp2calib
cp2flash
Source clock
cp2wdt
External Clock
CLKI
1:2
Prescaler
Symbol
Counter
AMR
11.2 Clock Systems and their Distribution
11.2.1 CPU Clock – clk
CPU
The CPU clock is routed to parts of the system concerned with operation of the AVR
core. Examples of such modules are the General Purpose Register File, the Status
Register and the data memory holding the Stack Pointer. Halting the CPU clock inhibits
the core from performing general operations and calculations.
- Features 1
- Applications 1
- 1 Pin Configurations 2
- 2 Disclaimer 2
- • over 10 years at 85°C 8
- • TBD years at 25°C 8
- ATmega128RFA1 11
- 8 AVR Memories 18
- 8.3 EEPROM Data Memory 20
- 8.7 Other Port Registers 26
- Section 34
- 9.4 Operating Modes 35
- is reduced 40
- E v e n t 41
- B lo c k 41
- T R X R S T 41
- XO S C = O N 44
- X O S C =O FF 44
- 51 20 704 56
- 9.5 Functional Description 61
- Frame Length Value Payload 62
- 0 - 4 Reserved 62
- 5 MPDU (Acknowledgement) 62
- 6 – 8 Reserved 62
- 9 - aMaxPHYPacketSize MPDU 62
- )()( xxMxN ⋅= 66
- PHY_ED_LEVEL Description 69
- 0xFF Reset value 69
- Extended Operating Mode 69
- 9.6 Module Description 74
- The receiver is designed to 75
- IC internal 82
- 9.7 Radio Transceiver Usage 83
- ATm ega128R FA 1 89
- 9.10 Abbreviations 98
- 9.11 Reference Documents 100
- 9.12 Register Description 100
- NA ($13D) AES_ER 101
- AES_STATE7:0 AES_STATE 102
- AES_KEY7:0 AES_KEY 102
- 8266A-MCU Wireless-12/09 103
- SFD_VALUE7:0 SFD_VALUE 111
- 2 Antenna 0: DIG1=L, DIG2=H 114
- Antenna Diversity 114
- Bit 7 6 5 4 117
- Read/Write RW RW RW RW 117
- Initial Value 1 1 1 1 117
- RX_PDT_DIS Res2 RX_SYN 118
- Res1 Res0 RX_SYN 118
- Initial Value 0 1 0 1 120
- PART_NUM7:0 PART_NUM 122
- VERSION_NUM7:0 VERSION_NUM 122
- MAN_ID_07:00 MAN_ID_0 123
- MAN_ID_17:10 MAN_ID_1 123
- PAN_ID_07:00 PAN_ID_0 124
- PAN_ID_17:10 PAN_ID_1 124
- IEEE_ADDR_07:00 IEEE_ADDR_0 124
- IEEE_ADDR_17:10 IEEE_ADDR_1 125
- IEEE_ADDR_27:20 IEEE_ADDR_2 125
- IEEE_ADDR_37:30 IEEE_ADDR_3 125
- IEEE_ADDR_47:40 IEEE_ADDR_4 126
- IEEE_ADDR_57:50 IEEE_ADDR_5 126
- IEEE_ADDR_67:60 IEEE_ADDR_6 126
- IEEE_ADDR_77:70 IEEE_ADDR_7 126
- CSMA_SEED_07:00 CSMA_SEED_0 128
- Resx7 Resx6 TST_CTRL_DIGI 131
- Resx5 Resx4 TST_CTRL_DIGI 131
- TRXFBST7:0 TRXFBST 132
- TRXFBEND7:0 TRXFBEND 132
- 10 MAC Symbol Counter 133
- 10.9 Backoff Slot Counter 135
- 10.10 Symbol Counter Usage 135
- 10.11 Register Description 137
- SCCNTHL7:0 SCCNTHL 138
- SCCNTLH7:0 SCCNTLH 138
- SCCNTLL7:0 SCCNTLL 138
- SCTSRHH7:0 SCTSRHH 138
- SCTSRHL7:0 SCTSRHL 139
- SCTSRLH7:0 SCTSRLH 139
- SCTSRLL7:0 SCTSRLL 139
- SCBTSRHH7:0 SCBTSRHH 139
- SCBTSRHL7:0 SCBTSRHL 140
- SCBTSRLH7:0 SCBTSRLH 140
- SCBTSRLL7:0 SCBTSRLL 140
- SCOCR1HH7:0 SCOCR1HH 140
- SCOCR1HL7:0 SCOCR1HL 141
- SCOCR1LH7:0 SCOCR1LH 141
- SCOCR1LL7:0 SCOCR1LL 141
- SCOCR2HH7:0 SCOCR2HH 141
- SCOCR2HL7:0 SCOCR2HL 142
- SCOCR2LH7:0 SCOCR2LH 142
- SCOCR2LL7:0 SCOCR2LL 142
- SCOCR3HH7:0 SCOCR3HH 142
- 11.1 Overview 147
- 11.3 Clock Sources 148
- 11.6 External Clock 150
- 11.8 Clock Output Buffer 152
- 11.10 System Clock Prescaler 152
- 11.11 Register Description 153
- NA ($61) CLKPCE 154
- 12.1 Deep-Sleep Mode 156
- 12.6 Register Description 166
- NA ($12F) Res1 Res0 LLDONE 172
- NA ($136) PFDRV1 174
- 13 System Control and Reset 176
- 13.4 Watchdog Timer 180
- 13.5 Register Description 183
- 14 I/O-Ports 186
- DPDS0/DPDS1 187
- PUOE 0 0 0 0 194
- Alternate Function 198
- 14.4 Register Description 204
- PINB7:0 PINB 206
- PORTD7:0 PORTD 206
- PIND7:0 PIND 207
- PORTE7:0 PORTE 207
- PINE7:0 PINE 208
- PORTF7:0 PORTF 208
- 15 Interrupts 211
- 15.4 Register Description 216
- 16 External Interrupts 218
- 16.2 Register Description 219
- DATA BUS 226
- 17.4 Counter Unit 227
- = (8-bit Comparator ) 229
- 17.7 Modes of Operation 232
- (Toggle) 233
- OC0xPCPWM 236
- 17.9 Register Description 238
- 18.1 Features 244
- 18.2 Overview 244
- 18.5 Counter Unit 249
- 18.6 Input Capture Unit 250
- DATA BUS (8-bit) 251
- 18.7 Output Compare Units 252
- = (16-bit Comparator ) 253
- DATA BUS (8-bit) 253
- 18.9 Modes of Operation 256
- OCnxPCPWM 262
- OCnxPFCPWM 264
- 18.11 Register Description 266
- TCNT1H7:0 TCNT1H 270
- TCNT1L7:0 TCNT1L 271
- OCR1AH7:0 OCR1AH 271
- OCR1AL7:0 OCR1AL 271
- OCR1BH7:0 OCR1BH 272
- OCR1BL7:0 OCR1BL 272
- OCR1CH7:0 OCR1CH 273
- OCR1CL7:0 OCR1CL 273
- ICR1H7:0 ICR1H 273
- ICR1L7:0 ICR1L 274
- NA ($90) COM3A1 276
- TCNT3H7:0 TCNT3H 280
- TCNT3L7:0 TCNT3L 280
- OCR3AH7:0 OCR3AH 281
- OCR3AL7:0 OCR3AL 281
- OCR3BH7:0 OCR3BH 282
- OCR3BL7:0 OCR3BL 282
- OCR3CH7:0 OCR3CH 282
- OCR3CL7:0 OCR3CL 283
- ICR3H7:0 ICR3H 283
- ICR3L7:0 ICR3L 283
- NA ($A0) COM4A1 285
- TCNT4H7:0 TCNT4H 289
- TCNT4L7:0 TCNT4L 289
- OCR4AH7:0 OCR4AH 290
- OCR4AL7:0 OCR4AL 290
- OCR4BH7:0 OCR4BH 291
- OCR4BL7:0 OCR4BL 291
- OCR4CH7:0 OCR4CH 291
- OCR4CL7:0 OCR4CL 292
- ICR4H7:0 ICR4H 292
- ICR4L7:0 ICR4L 292
- NA ($120) COM5A1 294
- TCNT5H7:0 TCNT5H 298
- TCNT5L7:0 TCNT5L 298
- OCR5AH7:0 OCR5AH 299
- OCR5AL7:0 OCR5AL 299
- OCR5BH7:0 OCR5BH 299
- OCR5BL7:0 OCR5BL 300
- OCR5CH7:0 OCR5CH 300
- OCR5CL7:0 OCR5CL 301
- ICR5H7:0 ICR5H 301
- ICR5L7:0 ICR5L 301
- 19.1 Internal Clock Source 304
- 19.2 Prescaler Reset 304
- 19.3 External Clock Source 304
- 19.4 Register Description 305
- 20.1 Overview 307
- 20.2 Description 307
- 20.3 Timing Example 308
- 21.1 Features 309
- 21.2 Overview 309
- 21.4 Counter Unit 311
- 21.5 Modes of Operation 311
- 21.6 Output Compare Unit 316
- 22.1 Features 330
- Functional Description 330
- Pin Functionality 334
- 22.4 Register Description 336
- SPDR7:0 SPDR 338
- 23.3 Clock Generation 340
- 23.5 USART Initialization 344
- 23.10 Register Description 356
- NA ($C2) UMSEL01 358
- UBRR9 UBRR8 UBRR1H 364
- 24 USART in SPI Mode 368
- 24.4 Frame Formats 370
- NA ($CA) UDORD1 376
- Data Stable Data Stable 378
- Data Change 378
- TWI Unit 382
- 25.6 Using the TWI 384
- 1 X 0 0 X 1 0 X 388
- 400
- 26.2 Register Description 408
- 27.1 Features 410
- 27.3 ADC Start-Up 412
- Tracking Phase Duration t 416
- Settling Time t 418
- 097.0)2000/( ⋅+Ω= 420
- Output Code 422
- NA ($7B) AVDDOK 428
- 28.3 TAP - Test Access Port 436
- 28.9 Bibliography 440
- MSB LSB 442
- 29.5 Boundary-scan Chain 444
- See Boundary-scan 446
- Description for Details! 446
- 30.1 Features 450
- 30.7 Register Description 462
- 31 Memory Programming 464
- 31.3 Signature Bytes 466
- LOAD ADDRESS 476
- (LOW BYTE) 476
- Bit 15 B 0 480
- Program Memory/ 480
- EEPROM Memory 480
- Programming Enable 484
- 33 Register Summary 496
- 34.2 Clock Characteristics 502
- Figure 34-2 504
- Single Ended Conversion 506
- Single Ended Conversion 506
- Gain = 200x 506
- 35 Typical Characteristics 510
- 37 Packaging Information 512
- 39 Revision history 516
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